How to get rid of dark spots on your face? Explore the best treatments!

Skin discoloration can appear in many different forms and on any part of the body. However, it’s important to remember that any skin change that persists for a longer period and causes concern should be consulted with a specialist. It may indicate a cancerous condition or another serious systemic disease. So, how do skin discolorations form? They appear when melanocytes—pigment-producing cells responsible for melanin production through a process called melanogenesis—start functioning abnormally. Melanin is primarily responsible for the color of our skin, hair, and the iris of our eyes. It also protects the deeper layers of the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Sometimes, however, melanocytes become too numerous in certain areas, overly active, or produce too much pigment. Discoloration tends to appear in areas most frequently exposed to the sun, such as the hands, décolletage, forearms, arms, calves, and face. Other contributing factors include hormonal changes, certain medications, inflammatory conditions, and photosensitizing substances (found in some herbs, medications, cosmetics, and perfumes).

Discoloration on the face can also appear as a result of inflammation (e.g. in areas affected by acne) or after intensive cosmetic treatments. This process tends to intensify with age. Around 35% of women over the age of 30 and as many as 90% over the age of 50 experience pigmentation. In younger individuals, its appearance is often linked to hormonal fluctuations (such as during pregnancy) or the use of hormonal contraception. After the age of 45, discoloration is usually caused by hormonal changes related to menopause or by undergoing hormone replacement therapy.

The most common types of facial discoloration include:

• Freckles – These are small (1–5 mm) pigmented spots that are closely linked to genetic factors. They usually appear seasonally, when sun exposure is at its peak. As with many things in life, some people see freckles as a natural charm, while others view them as a cosmetic flaw.
• Melasma (chloasma) – This appears as symmetrical brown patches typically located on the cheeks, forehead, temples, upper lip, and sometimes the neck. It primarily affects women of reproductive age. The main contributing factors are female hormones, genetic predisposition, and sun exposure. If you notice signs of melasma, it’s advisable to consult a dermatologist.
• Lentigines (age spots or sun spots) – These discolorations can be up to 2 cm in diameter and appear as dark brown or black patches. They may develop as a result of aging (referred to as age-related lentigines) or sun exposure (known as solar lentigines, which can sometimes fade). Benign spots can often be treated with aesthetic medicine procedures. However, in some cases, a lentigo can evolve into melanoma, a malignant skin cancer.
• Post-acne discoloration – A common issue not only among teenagers but also adults. These marks appear as spots ranging from pink to light brown. Treatment methods should always be tailored to the individual’s specific skin condition.

Before deciding on a pigmentation removal treatment, it’s best to first consult with an aesthetic medicine doctor or dermatologist. Only a specialist can accurately identify the type of discoloration and assess its severity. This is essential for choosing the most appropriate and effective method to treat facial pigmentation. So, what are the options?

Laser pigmentation removal on the face is an effective treatment method, as the laser light targets discoloration and helps even out the skin tone. During the consultation, the doctor selects the appropriate laser settings based on the specific type of pigmentation. The procedure itself is not painful—most patients experience only mild discomfort, such as a slight stinging sensation or increased warmth in the treated area. For those with low pain tolerance, a local anesthetic can be offered to ensure comfort.

At our clinic, facial pigmentation is treated using the trusted and effective Vasculight IPL device. This laser technology targets various types of skin discoloration, which gradually exfoliate after the treatment. The full effect is usually visible about 30 days after the procedure.

The cost of pigmentation removal using this method varies depending on the clinic, the equipment used, and the size of the discoloration. Removing a small spot typically starts at around 200 PLN, while treating a larger area can cost between 350 and 500 PLN per session. This method is not recommended in cases of intense suntan, pregnancy, recent chemical peels, or a history of skin cancer.

Another effective method for treating localized pigmentation is medical-grade chemical peels. A series of these treatments not only helps eliminate unwanted dark spots but also reduces fine lines and improves skin firmness. For example, the Melanoplus peel, offered at our clinic, is a chemical peel specifically designed to intensely brighten pigmentation spots. The procedure involves applying active substances to the skin, which trigger exfoliation and lightening. The treatment is painless, though some patients may experience a mild, temporary tingling sensation. As with laser therapy, a series of sessions is typically required to effectively remove facial pigmentation. The cost per session ranges from 150 PLN to 200 PLN, and proper aftercare is essential—especially strict protection from UV exposure following the treatment.

Another option for those looking to get rid of facial pigmentation is depigmentation therapy. The products used at our Anti-Aging Clinic effectively eliminate even deep-set discoloration and help reduce melanin production, significantly lowering the risk of new spots forming in the future. The treatment we offer consists of two stages. The first is an in-office application performed by a doctor using a specialized formula. The second takes place at home and involves following a strict skincare routine with precise guidelines. The procedure is painless, and the first visible results can appear within just a few days. The cost of the full treatment ranges from 1500 PLN to 2000 PLN, depending on the clinic.

If you’re wondering how to get rid of dark spots on your face, don’t wait—book a consultation with a specialist who will choose the most suitable and effective method for your skin.